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You may be suffering from traumatic stress. Traumatic stress is a kind of anxiety disorder which can come after you have experienced an event which you found life-threatening. The symptoms of traumatic Stress can include feeling jumpy, nightmares and flashbacks, feeling numb and detached and increased physiological arousal. These symptoms can contribute to your pain in various ways including increased physiological arousal and “pain memories” (flashbacks which include painful sensations). You should also consult a mental health professional such as a psychologist or psychiatrist, who specializes in the treatment of Posttraumatic stress. For more information on Posttraumatic stress go to http://www.trauma-pages.com/

If TS score was more than 3

Analyzing your results from this questionnaire should give you an idea what psychological risk factors are contributing to your pain and where you need to direct your efforts psychologically in terms of overcoming your pain. This questionnaire is designed to assess the 5 most common psychological risk factors for chronic pain; namely Adverse Childhood Experiences, Present Stress, Alexithymia, Traumatic Stress and Depression. However, everyone is different and not everyone has the same levels of risk factors. This information is intended as a guide only and is not meant as a substitute for appropriate psychological or medical treatment.

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